How Lifestraw Products Work

The Technology
FAQs
Key Product Documents

Key Product Documents
The Technology
The Technology
The Technology
The Technology

The Technology

LifeStraw Membrane Microfilters

LifeStraw’s membrane microfilters are made of hollow fiber membrane technology – a similar technology used in kidney dialysis. These membranes are made of small straws that contain microscopic pores of 0.2 microns in diameter. Dirty water enters one side of the straws and clean water passes through the pores while bacteria, parasites, microplastics, dirt and other forms of turbidity are blocked and unable to pass through because they are too large. The result is safe drinking water flows into a clean chamber for drinking while contaminants are blocked. LifeStraw’s membrane microfilters are capable of removing 99.999999% (log 8) of bacteria (including E. coli), 99.999% (log 5) of parasites (Giardia, Cryptosporidium, etc.), and 99.999% (log 5) of microplastics.

LifeStraw Membrane Ultrafilters / Purifiers

The difference between microfilters and ultrafilters is the pore size – LifeStraw’s microfilters have a pore size of 0.2 micron while the ultrafilters have a pore size 10 times smaller: 0.02 micron. Both technologies work via the same mechanism, but ultrafilters (because of their smaller pore size) also remove virus (in addition to bacteria, parasites, microplastics and dirt/turbidity). Because of their smaller pore size, ultrafilters also often have a slower flow rate or require more pressure than microfilters. LifeStraw’s membrane ultrafilters are capable of removing 99.999% (log 5) of viruses, 99.999999% (log 8) of bacteria (including E. coli), 99.999% (log 5) of parasites (Giardia, Cryptosporidium, etc.), and 99.999% (log 5) of microplastics.

Activated Carbon Filtration

LifeStraw Activated Carbon Filters improve water taste by removing chemicals such as chlorine and odors. The activated carbon has been treated with specific processes to open millions of tiny pores between carbon atoms. LifeStraw uses an advanced, special formulation that is made from fibers instead of traditional granulated carbon which improves longevity and performance. This process works via adsorption – contaminants become trapped inside the pore structure of the carbon and bind to the surfaces of the fibers. Over time, once all surface areas are full, the carbon filter must be replaced. Please note the longevity recommendations for each product.

LifeStraw Activated Carbon Filter (LifeStraw Go, Universal, Steel)

LifeStraw Activated Carbon Filters improve water taste by removing chemicals such as chlorine and odors. The activated carbon has been treated with specific processes to open millions of tiny pores between carbon atoms. LifeStraw uses an advanced, special formulation that is made from fibers instead of traditional granulated carbon which improves longevity and performance. This process works via adsorption – contaminants become trapped inside the pore structure of the carbon and bind to the surfaces of the fibers. Over time, once all surface areas are full, the carbon filter must be replaced. Please note the longevity recommendations for each product.

LifeStraw Activated Carbon + Ion Exchange Filter (LifeStraw Flex and Play)

LifeStraw Activated Carbon + Ion Exchange Filters reduce heavy metals, like lead, and improve water taste by removing chemicals such as chlorine, odors. The activated carbon has been treated with specific processes to open millions of tiny pores between carbon atoms. LifeStraw uses an advanced, special formulation that is made from fibers, instead of traditional granulated carbon, which improves longevity and performance. The filtration process works via adsorption – contaminants become trapped inside the pore structure of the carbon and bind to the surfaces. The ion exchange contains a resin with cations that are bound to fibers and non-harmful. When liquid containing other dissolved ions passes through the fibers, the dissolved ions in the water (like lead and other heavy metals) are exchanged for the non-harmful ions currently bound to the fibers. As a result, the harmful elements are trapped and the non-harmful ions are released, making the water safer to drink.

LifeStraw Activated Carbon + Ion Exchange filter for LifeStraw Home

LifeStraw Activated Carbon + Ion Exchange filters reduce lead and other heavy metals and chemicals like PFAS, glyphosate and chlorine while improving water taste. The activated carbon has been treated with specific processes to open millions of tiny pores between carbon atoms. LifeStraw uses an advanced, special formulation that is made from fibers, instead of traditional granulated carbon, which improves longevity and performance. This process works via adsorption – contaminants become trapped inside the pore structure of the carbon and bind to the surfaces. The ion exchange contains a resin with cations that are bound to fibers and non-harmful. When liquid containing other dissolved ions (such as heavy metals like lead) passes through the resin, the dissolved ions in the water are exchanged for the ions (non-harmful) currently bound to the fibers. As a result, the harmful elements are trapped and the non-harmful ions are released, making the water safer to drink. These activated carbon and ion exchange formulations are carefully designed to select for removal of specific chemicals and heavy metals that are harmful to human health while allowing other healthy nutrients (such as sodium, calcium and magnesium) to pass through. The LifeStraw Home Activated Carbon + Ion Exchange filter also has a special formulation that maximizes contact surface with the ion exchange and carbon fibers which allows for highly advanced performance in the removal of chemicals and heavy metals as shown by testing results for efficacy against over 30 contaminants.

Key Product Documents

Download the PDF version of our product’s user manuals and lab results

LifeStraw Home

User Manual
Performance Data

LifeStraw Universal

User Manual
Performance Data
Long-term storage & Maintenance

LifeStraw Community

User Manual
Performance Data

LifeStraw Go

User Manual
Performance Data
Long-term storage & Maintenance

LifeStraw Play

User Manual
Performance Data
Long-term storage & Maintenance

LifeStraw Mission

User Manual
Performance Data

LifeStraw Flex

User Manual
Performance Data
Long-term storage & Maintenance

LifeStraw Steel

User Manual
Long-term storage & Maintenance

LifeStraw Family

User Manual
Performance Data

LifeStraw Flex w/ Gravity bag

User Manual
Performance Data
Long-term storage & Maintenance

LifeStraw

User Manual
Performance Data
Long-term storage & Maintenance

Which Product Works For You?

Since different LifeStraw products do different things, it’s important to know which filtration device works best for the water unique to your area.

Frequently Asked
Questions

The LifeStraw Activated Carbon and Ion Exchange filter lasts approximately 40 gallons (150 liters). We estimate that it should be replaced every 2 months. This assumes that a household uses approximately 2.5 liters per day or refills the 7-cup filter housing approximately 5 times per day. If you are using the product less, you can adjust your estimate of length of time needed before you must replace the activated carbon and ion exchange filter. Another way to tell if the filter has reached its lifetime capacity is if you can detect that the taste of your water has returned to the original tap taste. This may be more apparent for some people than others. Heavy metals and chemicals rely on prolonged exposure to cause sickness so if your activated carbon and ion exchange filter has a short lapse in timespan, you should not be at immediate risk. The membrane microfilter lasts 264 gallons (1,000 liters). We estimate that it should be replaced once per year. This filter ends its lifetime when flow rate becomes drastically reduced or completely blocked out of the filter. It will never allow bacteria, parasites or microplastics to filter through it. This is critical as these contaminants can cause immediate sickness unlike most chemicals and heavy metals found in water.

The LifeStraw Activated Carbon and Ion Exchange filter lasts approximately 40 gallons (150 liters). We estimate that it should be replaced every 2 months. This assumes that a household uses approximately 2.5 liters per day or refills the 7-cup filter housing approximately 5 times per day. If you are using the product less, you can adjust your estimate of length of time needed before you must replace the activated carbon and ion exchange filter. Another way to tell if the filter has reached its lifetime capacity is if you can detect that the taste of your water has returned to the original tap taste. This may be more apparent for some people than others. Heavy metals and chemicals rely on prolonged exposure to cause sickness so if your activated carbon and ion exchange filter has a short lapse in timespan, you should not be at immediate risk. The membrane microfilter lasts 264 gallons (1,000 liters). We estimate that it should be replaced once per year. This filter ends its lifetime when flow rate becomes drastically reduced or completely blocked out of the filter. It will never allow bacteria, parasites or microplastics to filter through it. This is critical as these contaminants can cause immediate sickness unlike most chemicals and heavy metals found in water.

In general, concentration of heavy metals such as Lead, Mercury, Cadmium, Chromium, etc. in tap/ground water (excluding sewage, industrial waste water) is only in ppb level (part per billion) and is extremely low compared with concentration of normal minerals such as Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, etc. in the same source of water which is in ppm level (part per million) Our activated carbon fiber and ion exchange filter is specifically designed to selectively remove heavy metals while keeps healthy minerals in the water through a complex process: physical adsorption resulting from Van der Waals forces and chemical adsorption where chemical bonds are formed to trap heavy metals in the porous and high surface area of the adsorbent material. In theory, this process can reduce TDS in the water but only in µg/L level which cannot be detected by a normal reading when taking into account the deviation of TDS in raw water (e.g city tap water), accuracy/repeatability of TDS meter & measuring operation. In general, we caution against the use of TDS as a measure of efficacy and you can read more about why on our recent blog post: https://www.lifestraw.com/blogs/news/do-you-know-what-s-in-your-tap-water
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